CONTACT PERSON : MUHTADIR
0821-2451-3075 (Hp/WA)
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muhtadirkadir@yahoo.com(Email)
0821-2451-3075 (Hp/WA)
021-8839-3519 (Telp/Fax)
muhtadirkadir@yahoo.com(Email)
TYPES AND SENSOR transducer
The sensor is a device that can be used to detect and often serves to measure the magnitude of something. The sensor is a type of transducer that is used to change a variety of mechanical, magnetic, thermal, and chemical beam into a voltage and electric current. Sensors are usually categorized by measuring and plays an important role in the modern manufacturing process control. The sensors provide equivalents eye, hearing, tongue and nose into the microprocessor brains of industrial automation systems.
1. Sensor Pressure
Pressure sensor - the sensor has a wire strain gauge transducers, which convert mechanical stress into electrical signals. Basic introduction penginderaannya the change in resistance ( transducer ) that changes due to changes in the length and cross section.
2. Sensor Temperature
There are 4 main types of temperature sensors are commonly used, namely thermocouple (T / C) - see figure 1.6, resistance temperature detector (RTD), thermistors and IC sensors. Thermocouple consists essentially of a pair of hot and cold transducer connected and merged together, where there are differences arising between the connection with the reference junction which serves as a comparison.
Temperature Sensor
Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) has a basic principle in the electrical resistance of metals varies in proportion to temperature. Proportionality This variation is consistent with the level of precision / high stability in the detection of prisoners. Platinum is the material that is often used because it has custody temperature, linearity, stability and reproducibility. Thermistor is a resistor that is sensitive to heat that usually has a negative temperature coefficient, because when the temperature increases, decreases or vice versa prisoners. This species is very sensitive to changes in hold 5% per C so as to detect small changes in temperature. While the sensor is a temperature sensor IC with an integrated circuit that uses chipsilikon for sensory weakness. Having voltage and current output configuration very linear.
3. Sensor Infrared Sharp GP2D15
GP2D15 infrared sensor distance measuring sensor is manufactured by Sharp. These sensors emit an analog signal and is able to measure distances in the range of 10-80 cm, this sensor signal issued binary (0 or 1) with a threshold of 24 cm. The working principle of this sensor in measuring distances infarred different from the ultrasonic sensor that uses sound waves bounce time, because time is too short for the reflected light can be measured. Infrared light with a frequency of 40 kHz is transmitted and received by the results pantulanyya infrared detector arrangement. Infrared light reflection angle is changed according to the distance sensor to the object.
Touch sensors or press has changed the working principle of mechanical stress into electrical signals. Less tension is based on the principle that prisoners introduction changed the length and cross-sectional area. Power supplied to the wire causes the bent wire causing the wire size change and change his prisoner.
5. Proximity Sensor
Proximity sensor is a sensor or switch that can detect the presence of the target type of metal, with no physical contact. Typically these sensors consist of a solid-state electronic tool which is sealed to protect from the effects of vibration, fluid, chemical, and corrosive excessive. Proximity sensor can be applied to the sensing conditions on objects that are considered too small or soft to drive a mechanical switch.
Proximity Sensor
6. Sensor Magnet
Magnetic sensors reed relays also called, is a tool that will be affected the magnetic field and will provide a change in output conditions. Like a switch two states (on / off) that is driven by the presence of a magnetic field around it. These sensors are usually packaged in the form of empty packaging and free from dust, moisture, smoke or steam.
Sensor Magnet
7. Sensor Light
Light sensor consists of 3 categories. Photovoltaic or solar cell is a device light sensor that converts light energy directly into electrical energy, with the irradiation of light will cause the movement of electrons and produces a voltage. Similarly, the photoconductive (fotoresistif) which will give the change in resistance (resistance) in the cells, the higher the intensity of light that is received, it will be the less the value of its prisoners. While principled Photoelectric sensors work is based on the reflection due to changes in the position / distance of a light source (infrared or laser) or a target pemantulnya, which consists of a light source and receiver pair.
Light Sensor
8. Ultrasonic Sensor
Ultrasonic sensor works on the principle of reflection of sound waves, where the sensor produces sound waves which then catch back to the time difference as the basis penginderaannya. The time difference between the sound waves emitted by the re-arrest of the sound wave is proportional to the distance or high objects reflect it. Type that can be sensed are: solid object, liquid, granules and textiles.
Ultrasonic Sensors
Pressure Sensors
9. Sensor Speed (RPM)
Speed sensor sensing process is the reverse process of a motorcycle, in which a shaft / object rotating on suatui generator will produce a voltage that is proportional to the rotation speed of the object. Rotational speed is often also measured using sensors that sense the magnetic pulse (induction) that arise when the magnetic field occurs
.
Speed Sensor
10. Sensor encoder (Encoder)
Encoding sensor (encoder) is used to convert linear or rotary motion into a digital signal, wherein the sensor monitors the rotation of the rotary motion of a tool. These sensors are usually consists of 2 layers of encoding types, namely; First, additional rotary encoder (which transmits a certain number of pulses for each round) that will generate a square wave on the object is rotated. Second, the absolute encoder (which equip certain binary code for each angular position) have the same way of working with exceptions, more or more meetings wave pulses generated box so as to form an encoding in a specific arrangement.
Encoder Sensor
Transducers
The transducer is derived from the word "traducere" in Latin, which means change. So the transducer can be defined as a device that can convert an energy into another form of energy.
From the pattern of activation, the transducer can be divided into two,
namely:
namely:
1). Passive transducers, ie transducers that can work if given additional energy from the outside.
An example is the thermistor. To convert heat energy into electrical energy that is voltage, the thermistor should be electrified. When obstacles thermistor change due to heat effect, then the voltage of the thermistor is also changed.
An example is the thermistor. To convert heat energy into electrical energy that is voltage, the thermistor should be electrified. When obstacles thermistor change due to heat effect, then the voltage of the thermistor is also changed.
2). Active transducer, the transducer which works without additional energy from the outside, but the use of energy to be changed itself.
An example is a thermocouple. When receiving heat, direct thermocouple voltage generating electricity without the need for external energy.
An example is a thermocouple. When receiving heat, direct thermocouple voltage generating electricity without the need for external energy.
Selection of a transducer is dependent upon the needs of
the user and the environment around the user. For that in
selecting a transducer to note a few things below:
the user and the environment around the user. For that in
selecting a transducer to note a few things below:
1. Strength, meaning resistance or protection of loads
more.
more.
2. Linearity, namely the ability to produce the characteristic
linear input-output.
linear input-output.
3. High stability, which is a small measurement error and
not so much affected by the factors of
the environment.
not so much affected by the factors of
the environment.
4. The good dynamic response, ie the output immediately
follows the input with the same shape and large.
follows the input with the same shape and large.
5. Repeatability, namely the ability to reproduce
the same output when used to measure
the amount of the same, in the same environmental conditions.
the same output when used to measure
the amount of the same, in the same environmental conditions.
6. Price. Although these factors are not related to the characteristics of the
transducers before, but in a real application
is often a serious constraint, so that should also
be considered.
transducers before, but in a real application
is often a serious constraint, so that should also
be considered.
Daftar Pustaka
Regards Authors
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